Clinical Characteristics of Breast Cancer in AYA, Kurd, Iraq

Abstract

This study investigates the clinical characteristics and outcomes of breast cancer among Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Kurdish women in Iraq, focusing on the interplay of genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. It aims to illuminate the specific clinical patterns and decision-making processes within this demographic, highlighting the influence of cultural and healthcare infrastructure on patient care. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted, examining medical records of AYA Kurdish women diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2010 and December 2020. Data on age, tumour characteristics, treatment modalities, and comorbidities were analyzed, with statistical methods employed to identify significant trends and associations. The study found a higher prevalence of breast cancer in the older segment of the AYA group, with a notable preference for Wide Local Excision (WLE) over mastectomy. Decision-making regarding treatment was influenced by both medical professionals and familial input. A high incidence of comorbidities was observed, affecting treatment choices and outcomes. Educational level significantly correlated with the type of surgical intervention chosen. Breast cancer in AYA Kurdish women exhibits distinct clinical characteristics influenced by a complex interplay of cultural, educational, and health system factors. The findings underscore the need for culturally tailored healthcare approaches and enhanced educational and support mechanisms to improve breast cancer outcomes in this population.